AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Autocrine signaling loops with positive or negative feedback are an important feature in cancer, where they enable context-dependent cell signaling in the regulation of growth, survival, and cell motility.

Detailed explanation-2: -Unlike normal genes, oncogenes cannot be turned off, so they cause uncontrolled cell growth. In normal cells, tumor suppressor genes prevent cancer by slowing or stopping cell growth. DNA changes that inactivate tumor suppressor genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Autocrine signaling also plays a vital role in cellular homeostasis. For example, progesterone has been found to act as an autocrine signal in breast cancer. Cell signaling is the form of communication between cells. Cells communicate with each other through several cell signaling pathways.

Detailed explanation-4: -The conclusion is that tumor cells generate many of their own growth signals, thereby reducing their dependence on stimulation from their normal tissue microenvironment.