THE CELL
CELL COMMUNICATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Protein that has GTP or GDP attached to it
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Signaling molecule that is a first messenger
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An enzyme that adds a phosphate to a protein
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Distributes a signal throughout a multi-cellular organism. An example is hormones.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Endocrine signaling is an example of long distance communication between hormone producing cells, tissues and glands and cells that express hormone receptor molecules.
Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: Insulin signaling is an example of endocrine signaling. Insulin signaling is an important form of cell signaling for the maintenance of homeostatic blood sugar levels.
Detailed explanation-3: -In endocrine signaling, the signaling molecules (hormones) are secreted by specialized endocrine cells and carried through the circulation to act on target cells at distant body sites.
Detailed explanation-4: -(Autocrine glands are the glands that produce hormones that act on their own glandular cells, e.g., prostaglandins. In contrast, paracrine glands are those whose hormones are released into the extracellular matrix and reach the adjacent cells via diffusion, e.g., islets of Langerhans – somatostatin).
Detailed explanation-5: -Paracrine, autocrine and synaptic are three types of local hormone signaling. In paracrine signaling, hormones are released into the fluid between cells (the interstitial fluid) and diffuse to nearby target cells.