AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues of proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from a protein. Together, these two families of enzymes act to modulate the activities of the proteins in a cell, often in response to external stimuli.

Detailed explanation-3: -Protein phosphatases (PPs) are a class of mammalian regulatory enzymes that catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues in proteins.

Detailed explanation-4: -Phosphatases are the extracellular enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phospho-ester bonds in organic P-containing substrates releasing inorganic P in the form of orthophosphates that can be used by soil biota and plants.

Detailed explanation-5: -For example, phosphatases remove phosphate groups by hydrolyzing phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and a molecule with a free hydroxyl (−OH) group.