AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitosis occurs in somatic cells; this means that it takes place in all types of cells that are not involved in the production of gametes. Prior to each mitotic division, a copy of every chromosome is created; thus, following division, a complete set of chromosomes is found in the nucleus of each new cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mitosis produces two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -In plants and animals, there are two major categories of cells: somatic cells and reproductive cells, known as germ cells or gametes. In humans and other animals, they are the egg and sperm cells. All other cells in the body are somatic cells. Think of every body part you have; they are all made of somatic cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Somatic cells are produced through the cell division process of mitosis. They contain two copies of each chromosome, one from an organism’s mother and one from their father. Cells with two copies of each chromosome are called diploid.

Detailed explanation-5: -The daughter cells from mitosis are called diploid cells. Diploid cells have two complete sets of chromosomes. Since the daughter cells have exact copies of their parent cell’s DNA, no genetic diversity is created through mitosis in normal healthy cells.