AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Neurotransmitter molecules cross the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors known as ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) and G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the postsynaptic neuron. GPCRs on the presynaptic neuron’s axon terminal alter the function of voltage-gated ion channels and modulate neurotransmitter release.

Detailed explanation-2: -The neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft and interacts with specialized proteins called receptors that are embedded in the post-synaptic membrane. These receptors are ion channels that allow certain types of ions (charged atoms) to pass through a pore within their structure.

Detailed explanation-3: -The molecules of neurotransmitter diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic cell. Activation of postsynaptic receptors leads to the opening or closing of ion channels in the cell membrane.