AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The mature B cells, called plasma cells, secrete millions of antibodies into the bloodstream and lymphatic system. As antibodies circulate, they attack and neutralize antigens that are identical to the one that triggered the immune response. Antibodies attack antigens by binding to them.

Detailed explanation-2: -B-cells are the type of cells that produce antibodies to fight bacteria and viruses. These antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that are specific to each pathogen and are able to lock onto the surface of an invading cell and mark it for destruction by other immune cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -Immunoglobulins (Igs) are antigen-binding proteins produced by B cells. Igs contain two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains.

Detailed explanation-4: -B cells create antibodies. B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody. These antibodies bind to pathogens or to foreign substances, such as toxins, to neutralize them.