AP BIOLOGY

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THE CELL

CELL COMMUNICATION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Second messengers tend to be water-soluble and small. This accounts for their ability to ____
A
rapidly cross the plasma membrane
B
pass quickly from cell to cell
C
move from substrate to substrate during a phosphorylation cascade
D
rapidly move throughout the cell by diffusion
E
cross the nuclear membrane and interact with DNA
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Non-Gaseous Second Messengers. Cylic AMP (cAMP) is a water-soluble second messenger found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP are approximately 0.1-1.0 M, increasing 20-fold within seconds of activation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Second messengers are small molecules and ions that relay signals received by cell-surface receptors to effector proteins.

Detailed explanation-3: -a. Describe the type of diffusion that is used to get the secondary messengers into the cell. Facilitated diffusion.

Detailed explanation-4: -Which of the molecules are used as second messengers in signal transduction pathways? Adenosine 3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) acts as a key secondary messanger molecule for various signal transduction pathways.

There is 1 question to complete.
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