AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A protein kinase catalyses the transfer of -phosphate from ATP (or GTP) to its protein substrates while a protein phosphatase catalyses the transfer of the phosphate from a phosphoprotein to a water molecule.

Detailed explanation-2: -Protein kinases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of the -phosphate of ATP to the protein substrates, thus altering their functions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Protein kinases transfer a phosphoryl group from ATP onto target proteins and play a critical role in signal transduction and other cellular processes. Here, we review the kinase kinetic and chemical mechanisms and their application in understanding kinase structure and function.

Detailed explanation-4: -Kinases carry out the phosphorylation reactions by transferring the gamma phosphate of ATP onto hydroxyl groups of various substrates including lipids, sugars or amino acids and is reversed by the corresponding phosphatases.

Detailed explanation-5: -A kinase is an enzyme that attaches a phosphate group to a protein. A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from a protein.