AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division. The two “sister” chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the centromere.

Detailed explanation-2: -During every cell division, a cell must duplicate its chromosomal DNA through a process called DNA replication. The duplicated DNA is then segregated into two “daughter” cells that inherit the same genetic information. This process is called chromosome segregation.

Detailed explanation-3: -A single part of the duplicated chromosome is known as the chromatid which is separated during the cell division and each cell gets one chromatid. Thus, the duplicated chromosome has two sister chromatids.

Detailed explanation-4: -As long as the sister chromatids are connected at the centromere, they are still considered to be one chromosome. However, as soon as they are pulled apart during cell division, each is considered a separate chromosome.

Detailed explanation-5: -In replication, the DNA molecule is copied, and the two molecules are known as chromatids. During the later stages of cell division these chromatids separate longitudinally to become individual chromosomes.