AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The chains of molecules that relay signals inside a cell are known as intracellular signal transduction pathways.

Detailed explanation-2: -Signal transduction pathway involves the binding of extracellular signaling molecules and ligands to receptors located on the cell surface or inside the cell that trigger events inside the cell, to invoke a response. The response can then alter the cell’s metabolism, shape, and gene expression (Krauss, 2006).

Detailed explanation-3: -A cellular response is the way that cells respond to signals in their environment. A cellular response is the third step in signal transduction, the pathway of receiving an external stimulus and causing a response.

Detailed explanation-4: -The signal transduction process links the signal molecule and the receptor protein to bring about a cellular response. 2. What are the 3 steps of signal transduction? Reception, Transduction, and Response are the three steps in the process of signal transduction.