AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Signaling molecules are often called ligands, a general term for molecules that bind specifically to other molecules (such as receptors). The message carried by a ligand is often relayed through a chain of chemical messengers inside the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -The ligand is a chemical messenger released by one cell to signal either itself or a different cell. The binding results in a cellular effect, which manifests as any number of changes in that cell, including altering gene transcription or translation or changing cell morphology.

Detailed explanation-3: -A ligand is a molecule that binds another specific molecule, in some cases, delivering a signal in the process. Ligands can thus be thought of as signaling molecules. Ligands interact with proteins in target cells, which are cells that are affected by chemical signals; these proteins are also called receptors.

Detailed explanation-4: -Gated ion channels form a pore through the plasma membrane that opens when the signaling molecule binds. The open pore then allows ions to flow into or out of the cell. Ion channel-linked receptors bind a ligand and open a channel through the membrane that allows specific ions to pass through.

Detailed explanation-5: -What are Signaling Molecules? Signaling molecules are molecules that transmit information between cells. In multicellular organisms, signaling molecules are essential for coordinating responses in the body, processing external stimuli, and maintaining homeostasis.