THE CELL
CELL COMMUNICATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The action potential jumps from one axon to the next connecting axon
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The action potential travels through the synapse to the connecting dendrite
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The action potential jumps the synapse to the connecting dendrite
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The action potential causes the release of a neurotransmitter that travels across the synapse
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Detailed explanation-1: -Chemical Synapse. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated Na+ channels. Na+ ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated Ca2+ channels to open.
Detailed explanation-2: -Synapses: how neurons communicate with each other When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal, it causes neurotransmitter to be released from the neuron into the synaptic cleft, a 20–40nm gap between the presynaptic axon terminal and the postsynaptic dendrite (often a spine).
Detailed explanation-3: -When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, the depolarization causes voltage-dependent calcium gates to open. As calcium flows into the terminal, the neuron releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft for 1-2 milliseconds. This process of neurotransmitter release is called exocytosis.
Detailed explanation-4: -At a chemical synapse, an action potential triggers the presynaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters. These molecules bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell and make it more or less likely to fire an action potential.
Detailed explanation-5: -Once the cell reaches a certain threshold, an action potential will fire, sending the electrical signal down the axon. The sodium channels play a role in generating the action potential in excitable cells and activating a transmission along the axon.