AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Melatonin is a natural hormone that’s mainly produced by your pineal gland in your brain. It plays a role in managing your sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythm.

Detailed explanation-2: -Melatonin plays several key roles, and can be considered the central “relayer” which conveys information about light–dark cycles. In mammals, melatonin is also essential in the regulation of reproductive behaviour and sleep.

Detailed explanation-3: -Melatonin is produced from serotonin (made from tryptophan), through a cascade of enzymatic reactions (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-4: -Melatonin is a hormone that your brain produces in response to darkness. It helps with the timing of your circadian rhythms (24-hour internal clock) and with sleep.

Detailed explanation-5: -Based on a clinical trial, melatonin administration to menopausal women significantly changed their reproductive hormone levels. Such regulation of FSH and LH levels was followed by a tendency to a reduction in climacteric symptoms [153].