AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A neuron sending a signal (i.e., a presynaptic neuron) releases a chemical called a neurotransmitter, which binds to a receptor on the surface of the receiving (i.e., postsynaptic) neuron.

Detailed explanation-2: -The part of the neuron that receives neurotransmitters is called the dendrites. When the presynaptic neuron sends an action potential, it travels down the axon and reaches the terminal.

Detailed explanation-3: -Exocytosis. The influx of calcium through the voltage-gated calcium channels initiates the exocytosis process that leads to neurotransmitter release. Calcium enters the cell and interacts with another vesicle-bound protein called synaptotagmin.

Detailed explanation-4: -The neuron sending a signal to the next is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving a signal is called the postsynaptic neuron, shown here: Chemical transmission involves release of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters.