AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Evolution is a process that results in changes in the genetic material of a population over time. Evolution reflects the adaptations of organisms to their changing environments and can result in altered genes, novel traits, and new species.

Detailed explanation-2: -The changes apparent in worldwide populations include a decrease in both overall body size and brain size as well as a reduction in jaw and tooth proportions. Regional populations have also evolved different physical and genetic characteristics in response to varying climates and lifestyles.

Detailed explanation-3: -The theory of evolution is a shortened form of the term “theory of evolution by natural selection, ” which was proposed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the nineteenth century.

Detailed explanation-4: -Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection. Darwin defined evolution as “descent with modification, ” the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-5: -a) Species change over time; some traits become more common, others less. This process of change is driven by natural selection. The traits that become more common are the ones that are “adaptive” or “increase fitness” (that is, a creature’s chances of living longer and producing more offspring).