AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Prokaryotic chromosomes are found in the nucleoid of prokaryotic cells, and they are circular in shape. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells don’t have a membrane-bound nucleus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Additionally, DNA in eukaryotic cells is stored in double-stranded chromosomes that are condensed by histones. In contrast, prokaryotic cells have one primary circular chromosome and various plasmids, which are small rings of DNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -Prokaryotes contain circular DNA in addition to smaller, transferable DNA plasmids. Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondrial DNA in addition to nuclear DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plasmids are circular DNA found in prokaryotes. Plasmids are tiny DNA circles carried by some prokaryotes. The plasmids’ genetic information can be passed across cells, allowing prokaryotes to share abilities like antibiotic resistance.

Detailed explanation-5: -Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) is ubiquitous in eukaryotic organisms, and has been noted for more than 3 decades. eccDNA occurs in normal tissues and in cultured cells, is heterogeneous in size, consists of chromosomal sequences and reflects plasticity of the genome.