AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The cell types in Bacteria and Archaea are considered as “prokaryotes.” The use of the term prokaryote was first introduced as a result of electron microscope studies showing a shared simple cell structure among bacteria (Stanier & Van Niel 1962).

Detailed explanation-2: -All cells fall into one of these two broad categories. Only the single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classified as prokaryotes-pro means before and kary means nucleus. Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all eukaryotes-eu means true-and are made up of eukaryotic cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -The bacteria are the oldest and simplest living organisms, and all of the bacteria are “prokaryotes, ” meaning that they do not have a true membrane-bound nucleus as eukaryotes do. [Prokaryote is derived from Greek, meaning “before nucleus"; eukaryote means “true nucleus."]

Detailed explanation-4: -Bacteria are prokaryotic and unicellular organisms. The cell wall of bacteria is made up of peptidoglycan layer, and they lack membrane-bound organelles. The bacterial cell has a simpler organisation of structure. Hence, the given statement is false as bacteria are not eukaryotic organisms.

Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus that contains their genetic material as eukaryotic cells do. Instead, prokaryotic cells have a nucleoid region, which is an irregularly-shaped region that contains the cell’s DNA and is not surrounded by a nuclear envelope.