AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, have a free-floating chromosome that is usually circular and is not enclosed in a nuclear membrane. Instead, the DNA simply exists in a region of the cell called the nucleoid.

Detailed explanation-2: -Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles. Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea, which scientists believe have unique evolutionary lineages. Most prokaryotes are small, single-celled organisms that have a relatively simple structure.

Detailed explanation-3: -Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, a membrane-bound chamber where DNA is stored, while prokaryotic cells don’t. This is the feature that formally separates the two groups. Eukaryotes usually have other membrane-bound organelles in addition to the nucleus, while prokaryotes don’t.

Detailed explanation-4: -Prokaryotes contain a single, double-stranded circular chromosome. Eukaryotes contain double-stranded linear DNA molecules packaged into chromosomes. The DNA helix is wrapped around proteins to form nucleosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotes, which do not have a nucleus, don’t have nucleoli and build their ribosomes in the cytosol.