AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Because the energy to drive ATP synthesis in mitochondria ultimately derives from the oxidative breakdown of food molecules, the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP that is driven by electron transport in the mitochondrion is known as oxidative phosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mitochondria break down sugar molecules and produce energy in the form of molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondria also help to maintain calcium concentrations, form blood components and hormones, and are involved in activating cell death pathways.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria are special compartments (organelles) in our cells that are best known for their role as powerhouses, as they breakdown food molecules and turn out ATP, a molecular fuel for the rest of the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sugar in the food we eat has lots of energy stored inside. Our cells break the sugar down into a chemical called pyruvate, which our mitochondria take and turn into other molecules in a few stages of chemical reactions. As they do so, energy is extracted and transferred into ATP.

Detailed explanation-5: -The cell part that converts food into energy is the mitochondria. The mitochondria is an organelle enclosed by two membranes. The mitochondria hosts the second two steps of aerobic cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.