AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The nucleolus is a spherical structure found in the cell’s nucleus whose primary function is to produce and assemble the cell’s ribosomes. The nucleolus is also where ribosomal RNA genes are transcribed.

Detailed explanation-2: -One or more darkly staining spherical bodies called the nucleoli are found inside the nucleus. These are the sites at which ribosomes are assembled. Nucleoli are most prominent in cells that are synthesising large amounts of protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nucleolus is a ribosome production factory, designed to fulfill the need for large-scale production of rRNAs and assembly of the ribosomal subunits.

Detailed explanation-4: -A ribosome is an intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of protein synthesis in the cell. The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and translates that genetic code into a specified string of amino acids, which grow into long chains that fold to form proteins.

Detailed explanation-5: -The nucleolus is the largest nuclear organelle and is the primary site of ribosome subunit biogenesis in eukaryotic cells. It is assembled around arrays of ribosomal DNA genes, forming specific chromosomal features known as nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) which are the sites of ribosomal DNA transcription.