AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Ribosomes occur both as free particles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -The prokaryotes have both 70s and 80S ribosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -All prokaryotes have 70S (where S=Svedberg units) ribosomes while eukaryotes contain larger 80S ribosomes in their cytosol. The 70S ribosome is made up of a 50S and 30S subunits. Ribosomes play a key role in the catalysis of two important and crucial biological processes.

Detailed explanation-4: -The rough ER, which is covered by ribosomes on its outer surface, functions in protein processing. The smooth ER is not associated with ribosomes and is involved in lipid, rather than protein, metabolism.

Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the two types of life that we are familiar with, each with its unique ribosome structure. 80S ribosomes are found in eukaryotes, while 70S ribosomes are found in prokaryotes like bacteria.