AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Golgi apparatus, or Golgi complex, functions as a factory in which proteins received from the ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual destinations: lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Golgi apparatus is found close to the nucleus of the cell, where it modifies proteins that have been delivered in transport vesicles from the RER. It is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell. Pieces of the Golgi membrane pinch off to form vesicles that transport molecules around the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -When a cell makes proteins, transporter vesicles help move these proteins to the Golgi apparatus for further sorting and refining. The Golgi apparatus identifies specific types of transport vesicle then directs them to where they are needed.

Detailed explanation-4: -COPII-coated vesicles transport cargo proteins from the ER to the Golgi; COPI-coated vesicles transport cargo in the retrograde direction (from the cis-Golgi back to the ER) and between Golgi cisternae; and clathrin-coated vesicles form from the plasma membrane and the TGN to fuse with endosomes or lysosomes (Fig.

Detailed explanation-5: -Answer and Explanation: The structures that move proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus are vesicles. Vesicles are tiny spheres made of membrane that help move materials around the cell.