AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytoplasmic dynein (referred to as dynein for simplicity) moves organelles, including lysosomes, from the plus end to the minus end of microtubules (i.e. retrograde transport). In non-polarized cells, this results in organelle movement from the periphery to the cell center (i.e. centripetal) (Paschal and Vallee, 1987).

Detailed explanation-2: -Chapter 11The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement In addition to playing this structural role, the cytoskeleton is responsible for cell movements. These include not only the movements of entire cells, but also the internal transport of organelles and other structures (such as mitotic chromosomes) through the cytoplasm.

Detailed explanation-3: -The organelles that are membrane sacs used to transport molecules are known as vesicles. Vesicles are comprised of a lipid (fat) bilayer that surround a molecule (such as a protein). This lipid bilayer functions to protect the molecule as the vesicle transports the molecule throughout the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Moreover, accumulating evidence suggest that lysosomes widely interact and cooperate with other organelles in addition to the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cell Functions Cells are membrane-bound groups of organelles that work together to allow it to function. Some of the major organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus. Plant cells also include chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis.