AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Passive transport does not require the cell to expend any energy and involves a substance diffusing down its concentration gradient across a membrane.

Detailed explanation-2: -Passive transport: This does not require any energy expenditure as it occurs along the concentration gradient of the molecule being translocated. Examples include simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Facilitated diffusion is diffusion across a membrane through a protein carrier. This means that material moves across the plasma membrane with the assistance of a protein carrier down a concentration gradient (from high to low concentration) without the expenditure of cellular energy.

Detailed explanation-4: -Simple diffusion does not require energy: facilitated diffusion requires a source of ATP.

Detailed explanation-5: -It occurs when molecules such as glucose or amino acids move from high concentration to low concentration facilitated by carrier proteins or pores in the membrane. Active transport requires energy for the process by transporting molecules against a concentration or electrochemical gradient.