AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Specialized Phagocytic Cells Can Ingest Large Particles. Phagocytosis is a special form of endocytosis in which large particles such as microorganisms and dead cells are ingested via large endocytic vesicles called phagosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with th e cell membr ane. The membrane folds over the substance and it becomes completely enclosed by the membrane. At this point a membrane-bound sac, or vesicle, pinches off and moves the substance into the cytosol.

Detailed explanation-3: -Phagocytosis, also known as cell eating, is the process by which cells internalize large particles or cells, like damaged cells and bacteria. Within the human body, and in other mammals, phagocytosis is how immune cells engulf and destroy dangerous microorganisms or toxic compounds.

Detailed explanation-4: -The term “endocytosis” was coined by Christian deDuve in 1963 to include both the ingestion of large particles (such as bacteria) and the uptake of fluids or macromolecules in small vesicles. The former of these activities is known as phagocytosis (cell eating) and the latter as pinocytosis (cell drinking).

Detailed explanation-5: -Endocytosis takes particles into the cell that are too large to passively cross the cell membrane. Phagocytosis is the taking in of large food particles, while pinocytosis takes in liquid particles. Receptor-mediated endocytosis uses special receptor proteins to help carry large particles across the cell membrane.