AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level. The structure of ATP is a nucleoside triphosphate, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine), a ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.

Detailed explanation-2: -The form of energy that is in ATP is called chemical energy. Chemical energy is a type of potential energy and is stored energy within chemical bonds. ATP, adenosine triphosphate, is a molecule with an adenine nucleotide attached to three phosphate groups. The bonds between the phosphate groups store the energy in ATP.

Detailed explanation-3: -What is cellular energy? Our bodies contain trillions of cells. Inside each of them are huge numbers of tiny, energy-producing power plants called “mitochondria”. Mitochondria convert the food we eat and the air we breathe into “ATP”, a special type of fuel that powers our cells, and in turn, us.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most of the ATP in cells is produced by the enzyme ATP synthase, which converts ADP and phosphate to ATP. ATP synthase is located in the membrane of cellular structures called mitochondria; in plant cells, the enzyme also is found in chloroplasts.

Detailed explanation-5: -Functions of ATP in cells ATP plays a critical role in the transport of macromolecules such as proteins and lipids into and out of the cell. The hydrolysis of ATP provides the required energy for active transport mechanisms to carry such molecules across a concentration gradient.