AP BIOLOGY

THE CELL

TRANSPORT INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?
A
anaerobic cellular respiration
B
protein synthesis
C
aerobic cellular respiration
D
photosynthesis
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -As a result, in the process of cellular respiration, a single molecule of glucose can yield up to 36 molecules of ATP. Glycolysis is a set of processes that breaks glucose down into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvate and extracts energy from them.

Detailed explanation-2: -In total cellular respiration produces 36-38 ATP molecules from a single glucose molecule depending on where the metabolic substrates enter the mechanisms. The ATP produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle is produced by a process known as substrate level phosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-3: -The oxygen liberated during photosynthesis is used by all living organisms during respiration. Out of 38 ATP molecules produced per glucose, 34 ATP molecules are formed through which process? Electron transport produces 34 out of the 38 ATP produced from one glucose molecule through cellular respiration.

Detailed explanation-4: -In eukaryotic cells, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP generated per glucose is 36 to 38, depending on how the 2 NADH generated in the cytoplasm during glycolysis enter the mitochondria and whether the resulting yield is 2 or 3 ATP per NADH.

Detailed explanation-5: -One glucose molecule is metabolised to yield 38 ATP molecules during cellular respiration. The electron transport system produces 34 molecules of ATP out of a total of 38 molecules. During glycolysis, two ATP molecules are created inside the mitochondria and two ATP molecules are produced outside the mitochondria.

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