AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -What is equilibrium? Equilibrium is the continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration.

Detailed explanation-2: -The equilibrium is said to be dynamic because molecules continue to move, but despite this change, there is no net change in concentration over time. Both living and nonliving systems experience the process of diffusion.

Detailed explanation-3: -As soon as the concentration of both systems are equal, equilibrium is achieved. The movement of particles will not stop, instead the particles will start moving from one system to another at equal rates. This state is called as dynamic equilibrium.

Detailed explanation-4: -Passive transport does not require energy input. An example of passive transport is diffusion, the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Sometimes, molecules cannot move through the cell membrane on their own.