AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Since diffusion moves materials from an area of higher concentration to the lower, it is described as moving solutes “down the concentration gradient". The end result is an equal concentration, or equilibrium, of molecules on both sides of the membrane. At equilibrium, movement of molecules does not stop.

Detailed explanation-2: -If a molecule can pass freely through a cell membrane, it will cross the membrane by diffusion (see the Figure below). Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until an equilibrium is met.

Detailed explanation-3: -After a substance has diffused completely through a space, removing its concentration gradient, molecules will still move around in the space, but there will be no net movement of the number of molecules from one area to another, a state known as dynamic equilibrium.

Detailed explanation-4: -The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material such that the distribution of molecules is uniform. Since the molecules are still in motion, but an equilibrium has been established, the result of molecular diffusion is called a “dynamic equilibrium".

Detailed explanation-5: -The molecules can move in all directions, but major movement is found from the high concentrated region to low concentrated region. Eventually, the concentration on the lower side increases and a stage is reached where concentration is equal on both the sides. This state is known as the Diffusion Equilibrium.