AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The energy for active transport comes from the energy-carrying molecule called ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Active transport may also require transport proteins, such as carrier proteins, which are embedded in the plasma membrane. Two types of active transport are pump and vesicle transport.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active transport uses energy to transport molecules across the plasma membrane. This uses energy from ATP. They also use pumps to get molecules in or out of the cell. Passive Transport does NOT use energy to transport molecules across the membrane.

Detailed explanation-3: -ATP plays a critical role in the transport of macromolecules such as proteins and lipids into and out of the cell. The hydrolysis of ATP provides the required energy for active transport mechanisms to carry such molecules across a concentration gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -Primary active transport directly uses a source of chemical energy (e.g., ATP) to move molecules across a membrane against their gradient.

Detailed explanation-5: -Primary active transport moves ions across a membrane and creates a difference in charge across that membrane. The primary active transport system uses ATP to move a substance, such as an ion, into the cell, and often at the same time, a second substance is moved out of the cell.