AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phagocytosis is a special form of endocytosis in which large particles such as microorganisms and dead cells are ingested via large endocytic vesicles called phagosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with th e cell membr ane. The membrane folds over the substance and it becomes completely enclosed by the membrane. At this point a membrane-bound sac, or vesicle, pinches off and moves the substance into the cytosol.

Detailed explanation-3: -Phagocytosis. Phagocytosis (literally, “cell eating”) is a form of endocytosis in which large particles, such as cells or cellular debris, are transported into the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pinocytosis. A variation of endocytosis is called pinocytosis. This literally means “cell drinking” and was named at a time when the assumption was that the cell was purposefully taking in extracellular fluid.

Detailed explanation-5: -Pinocytosis is non-specific. Phagocytosis targets large structures (e.g., bacteria, food particles…) and is not particularly specific. As its name suggests, receptor-mediated endocytosis is specific for substances recognized by a cell-surface receptor. Exocytosis is typically the secretion of large molecules.