AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Osmosis is a special type of diffusion, namely the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. Water readily crosses a membrane down its potential gradient from high to low potential (Fig. 19.3 ) [4]. Osmotic pressure is the force required to prevent water movement across the semipermeable membrane.

Detailed explanation-2: -Exocytosis. Exocytosis is a type of vesicle transport that moves a substance out of the cell. A vesicle containing the substance moves through the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Then, the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane, and the substance is released outside the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -Osmosis: This is the hydrostatic force acting to equalize the concentration of water on both sides of the membrane that is impermeable to substances dissolved in that water. Water will move along its concentration gradient.

Detailed explanation-4: -In facilitated diffusion, substances move into or out of cells down their concentration gradient through protein channels in the cell membrane. Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion are similar in that both involve movement down the concentration gradient.

Detailed explanation-5: -Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules, from a region where they are in higher concentration, to a region where they are in lower concentration, through a partially permeable membrane.