AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Passive transport is the fundamental movement of ions and other molecular substances within the cells along the concentration gradient, without any external energy. It is also known as passive diffusion.

Detailed explanation-2: -In passive transport, substances simply move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which does not require the input of energy. Concentration gradient, size of the particles that are diffusing, and temperature of the system affect the rate of diffusion.

Detailed explanation-3: -The movement of molecules across a membrane without the input of energy is known as passive transport. When energy (ATP) is needed, the movement is known as active transport. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Passive transport: This does not require any energy expenditure as it occurs along the concentration gradient of the molecule being translocated. Examples include simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Passive transport is a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. Instead of using cellular energy, like active transport, passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics to drive the movement of substances across cell membranes.