AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -They use the process of photosynthesis to transform water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide into oxygen, and simple sugars that the plant uses as fuel. These primary producers form the base of an ecosystem and fuel the next trophic levels. Without this process, life on Earth as we know it would not be possible.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plants use the energy of the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into a sugar called glucose. Glucose is used by plants for energy and to make other substances like cellulose and starch. Cellulose is used in building cell walls.

Detailed explanation-3: -A high level of sugars in plant tissues enhances the plant immune response against fungal pathogens. Sugars probably function as priming molecules, leading to pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants [20].

Detailed explanation-4: -Plants make sugar by using energy from sunlight to transform carbon dioxide (CO2), a gas absorbed from the air, and water (H20) taken from the ground by roots into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). This process is called photosynthesis and occurs in the chloroplast of the plant cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -Thus, photosynthesis converts water, solar energy, and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen. Photosynthesis creates all of the energy that fuels living organisms. Animals that eat plants acquire their energy from the stored sugar in plants, and animals that eat those animals obtain that same energy.