AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration compared to the intracellular solute concentration. When a red blood cell is placed in an isotonic solution, there will be no net movement of water.

Detailed explanation-2: -An isotonic solution is one that has the same osmolarity, or solute concentration, as the other solution. If these two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, water will flow in equal parts out of each solution and into the other.

Detailed explanation-3: -Solutions that contain the same concentration of water and solutes as the cell cytoplasm are called isotonic solutions. Cells placed in an isotonic solution will neither shrink nor swell since there is no net gain or loss of water.

Detailed explanation-4: -Solution is hypotonic to the cell if the solute concentration outside the cell is lower compared to inside the cell. Solution is hypertonic to the cell if the concentration of solutes is higher compared to inside the cell. As a result of flow of water into cell, the cell gains volume and swells.

Detailed explanation-5: -A cell in an isotonic solution is in equilibrium with its surroundings, meaning the solute concentrations inside and outside are the same (iso means equal in Latin). In this state there is no concentration gradient and therefore, no large movement of water in or out.