AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The spread of HIV infection into Malaysia is estimated to have occurred in the early 1980’s. The first case of AIDS was reported here in 1986. As of March 31, 1994, the numbers have increased to 8049 HIV positive individuals detected in the country.

Detailed explanation-2: -Malaysian HIV/AIDS cases have been reported since 1986 by the Ministry of Health. Since then, the national surveillance system had reported a cumulative of 105, 189 HIV cases, 21, 384 AIDS and 17, 096 deaths related to HIV/AIDS giving total reported PLHIV of 88, 093 cases or 96% of estimated PLHIV.

Detailed explanation-3: -In Africa, HIV–the virus that causes AIDS–had jumped from chimpanzees to humans sometime early in the 20th century. To date, the earliest known case of HIV-1 infection in human blood is from a sample taken in 1959 from a man who’d died in Kinshasa in what was then the Belgian Congo.

Detailed explanation-4: -At the end of year 2020, there were estimated 92, 063 people live with HIV (PLHIV) in Malaysia, 80, 428 (87%) of whom were aware of their status and had been notified through the national surveillance system (Table 1). By December 2020, 58% of the reported PLHIV were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Detailed explanation-5: -Estimated annual HIV incidence increased from 20, 000 infections in 1981 to a peak of 130, 400 infections in 1984 and 1985.