AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The risk for getting or transmitting HIV is very high if an HIV-negative person uses injection equipment that someone with HIV has used. This is because the needles, syringes, or other injection equipment may have blood in them, and blood can carry HIV.

Detailed explanation-2: -This is because the virus likely dies or degrades rapidly once outside of the body. Solid bore needles such as sewing needles are associated with a lower risk of HIV transmission than hollow bore needles.

Detailed explanation-3: -When a person uses a needle to inject drugs, some of their blood goes into the needle and syringe. HIV spreads through blood. If you use the same needle as someone who has the virus, the HIV-infected blood goes into your body. You can get HIV whether you inject drugs into a vein, under your skin, or into a muscle.

Detailed explanation-4: -HIV is a relatively fragile virus and is susceptible to drying. However, survival of HIV for up to 42 days in syringes inoculated with the virus has been demonstrated, with duration of survival dependant on ambient temperature (24).