AP BIOLOGY

THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM

AIDS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Why do athletes use caffeine supplements?
A
To decrease blood viscosity
B
To increase blood glucose levels
C
To increase alertness and improve reaction time
D
To increase insomnia and vomiting and diarrhoea
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Peripherally, caffeine inhibits phosphodiesterase activity, thereby promoting increased plasma catecholamine and glycolysis activity, increasing energy availability for active muscle during exercise [1].

Detailed explanation-2: -Caffeine ingestion sustains exercise intensity during heavy and intense endurance training, keeps the athlete mentally focused, and lowers pain perception (16, 46, 48-50). Thus, an effective strategy for the nonuser may involve 3 or 4 days of consecutive caffeine intake to aid intense workout sessions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Higher doses often result in gastrointestinal upset, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, confusion, tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and the inability to focus (Spriet, 2014).

Detailed explanation-4: -Caffeine has been the subject of great interest as a possible cognitive enhancer. One of its most consistently replicated cognitive effects is its reduction of reaction times (RTs) in speeded tasks (e.g. Childs and De Wit 2006; Haskell et al.

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