AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -On RBCs the Kell glycoprotein is covalently linked to the XK protein. The absence of XK protein leads to the McLeod syndrome that is characterized by mild hemolysis, late onset forms of muscular and neurological defects, red cell acanthocytosis, and a greatly reduced amount of the Kell protein [76].

Detailed explanation-2: -Type A individuals have type A glycoproteins; Type B individuals have type B glycoproteins; Type AB individuals have both; and Type O individuals have neither. An individual’s ABO blood type is commonly determined by using antibodies specific for type A and type B glycoproteins.

Detailed explanation-3: -The KEL gene is highly polymorphic, with different alleles at this locus encoding the 25 antigens that define the Kell blood group.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Kell antigen system (also known as the Kell–Cellano system) is a human blood group system, that is, a group of antigens on the human red blood cell surface which are important determinants of blood type and are targets for autoimmune or alloimmune diseases which destroy red blood cells.