AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -1. Denial. Denial is a defense mechanism proposed by Anna Freud which involves a refusal to accept reality, thus blocking external events from awareness. If a situation is just too much to handle, the person may respond by refusing to perceive it or by denying that it exist.

Detailed explanation-2: -Some examples: Someone denies that they have an alcohol or substance use disorder because they can still function and go to work each day. After the unexpected death of a loved one, a person might refuse to accept the reality of the death and deny that anything has happened.

Detailed explanation-3: -This is known as projection (Baumeister et al., 1998). By not acknowledging threatening traits in themselves, and seeing them in other people instead, the client can protect their self-concept.

Detailed explanation-4: -Denial is one of the most common defense mechanisms. It occurs when you refuse to accept reality or facts. People in denial may block external events or circumstances from the mind so that they don’t have to deal with the emotional impact. In other words, they avoid painful feelings or events.