AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Which structure/s take part in the reflex movements and secretions which remove pathogens from body openings? Skin (epithelial cells).

Detailed explanation-2: -Cilia propel a liquid layer of mucus that covers the airways. The mucus layer traps pathogens (potentially infectious microorganisms) and other particles, preventing them from reaching the lungs.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cilia are mobile, tiny, finger-like projections on the surface of airway cells. Cilia line the airways and help move mucus up and out of the lungs [5].

Detailed explanation-4: -The trachea is also lined with cilia, which sweep fluids and foreign particles out of the airway to keep them out of the lungs. Further down, the trachea divides into two tubes (left and right) called bronchi (BRAHN-kye).

Detailed explanation-5: -The bronchus in the lungs are lined with hair-like projections called cilia that move microbes and debris up and out of the airways. Scattered throughout the cilia are goblet cells that secrete mucus which helps protect the lining of the bronchus and trap microorganisms.