AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Antibodies are protective proteins produced by your immune system. They attach to antigens (foreign substances)-such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and toxins-and remove them from your body.

Detailed explanation-2: -The immune response is how your body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses, and substances that appear foreign and harmful.

Detailed explanation-3: -antigen, substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response, specifically activating lymphocytes, which are the body’s infection-fighting white blood cells. In general, two main divisions of antigens are recognized: foreign antigens (or heteroantigens) and autoantigens (or self-antigens).

Detailed explanation-4: -In an immune response, the immune system recognizes the antigens (usually proteins) on the surface of substances or microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, and attacks and destroys, or tries to destroy, them.

Detailed explanation-5: -An antigen is a molecule. A pathogen is an infectious agent. Antigens are usually peptides or polysaccharides. Viruses, fungi, bacteria and other disease-causing microorganisms. Sources of antigens can be of biological or non-biological origins.