AP BIOLOGY

THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM

IMMUNE RESPONSE

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Interferon is group of hormone like peptides produced by cells in response to the presence of
A
chemical irritants
B
viruses
C
bacterial cells
D
malarial parasites
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Interferons (IFNs, /ˌɪntərˈfɪərɒn/) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.

Detailed explanation-2: -Interferons (IFNs) are a group of soluble glycoproteins that are produced and released from cells in response to virus infection (and other stimuli).

Detailed explanation-3: -Interferons (IFNs)-the body’s first line of antiviral defence-are cytokines that are secreted by host cells in response to virus infection. By inducing the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes, several of which have antiviral functions, IFNs block virus replication at many levels.

Detailed explanation-4: -Type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) is secreted by virus-infected cells while type II, immune or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is mainly secreted by T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages.

Detailed explanation-5: -Interferons act via autocrine and paracrine pathways to induce an antiviral state in infected cells and in neighboring cells containing interferon receptors. Interferons are the frontline defenders against viral infection and their primary function is to locally restrict viral propagation.

There is 1 question to complete.