AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -IL-12 is an antigen presenting cell–derived (APC-derived) cytokine that stimulates T cells and NK cells to secrete IFN- and augments the proliferation and cytolytic activity of these cells (14).

Detailed explanation-2: -Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the production of interferon- (IFN-), favours the differentiation of T helper 1 (TH1) cells and is an important link between innate resistance and adaptive immunity.

Detailed explanation-3: -Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is produced by activated antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages). It promotes the development of Th1 responses and is a powerful inducer of IFN production by T and NK cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -IL-12 is the prototypical innate cytokine capable of activating NK cells, and it acts synergistically with several other cytokines to elicit the production of IFN-.