AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established-much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination.

Detailed explanation-2: -Because of the generation of memory cells, the secondary immune response is faster and stronger, leading to more effective pathogen elimination in comparison to the primary immune response.

Detailed explanation-3: -Innate immunity is the first immunological, non-specific mechanism for fighting against infections. This immune response is rapid, occurring minutes or hours after aggression and is mediated by numerous cells including phagocytes, mast cells, basophils and eosinophils, as well as the complement system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Memory cells are responsible for the rapidity of the secondary immune response and for long-term immunity.

Detailed explanation-5: -Unlike innate immune responses, the adaptive responses are highly specific to the particular pathogen that induced them. They can also provide long-lasting protection.