AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The adaptive, or acquired, immune response takes days or even weeks to become established-much longer than the innate response; however, adaptive immunity is more specific to pathogens and has memory. Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination.

Detailed explanation-2: -Immunologic memory is another important characteristic of adaptive immunity. It means that the immune system can remember the antigens that previously activated it and launch a more intense immune reaction when encountering the same antigen a second time (Figure 2.10).

Detailed explanation-3: -A type of immunity that develops when a person’s immune system responds to a foreign substance or microorganism, such as after an infection or vaccination.

Detailed explanation-4: -Then, the components of acquired immunity learn the best way to attack each antigen and begin to develop a memory for that antigen. Acquired immunity is also called specific immunity because it tailors its attack to a specific antigen previously encountered. Its hallmarks are its ability to learn, adapt, and remember.

Detailed explanation-5: -Memory is a characteristic recognized within both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Although the mechanisms and properties through which innate and adaptive immune memory are induced are distinct, they collude to improve host defense to pathogens.