AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An antibody (formally called immunoglobulin) is a large Y-shaped glycoprotein produced by B-cells and used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens. Antibodies are produced by B cells, and are either secreted into circulation or remain expressed on the surface of the B cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -1. Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins made in great abundance by our immune system. While antibodies come in a few shapes and sizes, the most familiar of these are the Y-shaped proteins known as IgG antibodies (immunoglobulin G).

Detailed explanation-3: -Antibodies are specialized, Y-shaped proteins that bind like a lock-and-key to the body’s foreign invaders-whether they are viruses (opens in new tab), bacteria, fungi or parasites.

Detailed explanation-4: -What are B-cells? B-cells are the type of cells that produce antibodies to fight bacteria and viruses. These antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that are specific to each pathogen and are able to lock onto the surface of an invading cell and mark it for destruction by other immune cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Antibody molecules are roughly Y-shaped molecules consisting of three equal-sized portions, loosely connected by a flexible tether.