AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Types of transfusion reactions include the following: acute hemolytic, delayed hemolytic, febrile non-hemolytic, anaphylactic, simple allergic, septic (bacterial contamination), transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), and transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO).

Detailed explanation-2: -Acute transfusion reactions present as adverse signs or symptoms during or within 24 hours of a blood transfusion. The most frequent reactions are fever, chills, pruritus, or urticaria, which typically resolve promptly without specific treatment or complications.

Detailed explanation-3: -Allergic reactions include hives, urticaria, pruritus, erythema, bronchospasm, and hypotension. Anaphylactic reactions may occur in IgA-deficient patients. Transfusion-related acute lung injury, a rare but acute respiratory distress syndrome, can also occur.

Detailed explanation-4: -The most common immediate adverse reactions to transfusion are fever, chills and urticaria. The most potentially significant reactions include acute and delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions and bacterial contamination of blood products.