AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell’s chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes. Often, the genes carried in plasmids provide bacteria with genetic advantages, such as antibiotic resistance.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plasmids are extra-chromosomal small circular DNAs that are capable of replicating independently of the host, and are present throughout a variety of different microorganisms, most notably bacteria.

Detailed explanation-3: -Plasmids are considered replicons, units of DNA capable of replicating autonomously within a suitable host. However, plasmids, like viruses, are not generally classified as life. Plasmids are transmitted from one bacterium to another (even of another species) mostly through conjugation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plasmids are usually circular molecules of DNA, although occasionally, plasmids that are linear or made of RNA exist. They may be found as single or multiple copies and may carry from half a dozen to several hundred genes.