AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sanger sequencing requires a DNA template, a sequencing primer, a thermostable DNA polymerase, nucleotides (dNTPs), dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs), and buffer. Thermal cycling in the sequencing reactions amplifies extension products that are terminated by one of the four ddNTPs.

Detailed explanation-2: -To run a Sanger sequencing reaction you need template DNA, a single stranded DNA primer to get the reaction started, DNA polymerase, and nucleotides (G’s, C’s, A’s, and T’s).

Detailed explanation-3: -Pyrosequencing requires a single-stranded PCR amplicon that serves as DNA template, four different enzymes including DNA polymerase, ATP sulfurylase, luciferase, and apyrase, and two different substrates including adenosine 5′ phosphosulfate (APS) and luciferin [13].

Detailed explanation-4: -Pyrosequencing is a method of DNA sequencing that differs from Sanger sequencing, in that it relies on the detection of pyrophosphate release and the generation of light on nucleotide incorporation, rather than chain termination with dideoxynucleotides.